Solar energy system, off gird pv system, grid pv system, solar power system, Solar Panel system, on grid solar system, grid tied solar system,20kw solar system
Solar energy system include Solar photovoltaic system: 1. Off grid photovoltaic system mainly consists of solar modules, controllers, and batteries. To supply power to AC loads, it is also necessary to configure an AC inverter. 2. Grid connected photovoltaic power generation system. 3. Distributed photovoltaic power generation system. Distributed power generation or distributed energy supply.
Solar Engergy System,Gird Solar Power System,Pv System For Carport,Energy System Off Grid Solar System PLIER(Suzhou) Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.pliersolar.com
solar cell type
mono crystalline, half cut cell
solar energy pv system include
on grid system, off grid system, hybrid system
solar configuration
solar panel, inverter, battery, bracket cabels, mc4 connector
Product details and pic
**1. Introduction to Electrical Commissioning of Power Transmission and Distribution Systems**
Electrical commissioning for power transmission and distribution systems involves the testing and verification of both primary and secondary components. This includes the primary circuit elements such as circuit breakers, isolating switches, current transformers, reactors, and the secondary circuits like relay protection and measuring instruments. The commissioning process typically covers standard relay protection devices—such as overload and short-circuit protection—but does not include specialized protection systems or automatic device testing.
The commissioning of transmission and distribution equipment applies to busbar connections, busbar sections, and circuit breaker circuits. If busbar protection is installed, the busbar section breaker circuit must be commissioned separately, in addition to the overall system.
This commissioning process excludes special protection systems like directional protection, distance protection, high-frequency protection, and line differential protection, as well as automatic devices such as standby power auto-switching and automatic reclosing. These should be accounted for separately and correspond to the number of “systems†within the power distribution setup.
Motor feed circuits (e.g., switchgear or switchboards) at 380V and 3–6kV are included in the motor inspection and commissioning list. Transformer incoming lines, including factory transformers, are not considered part of the power distribution system but are instead included in the transformer system commissioning.
For high-voltage power distribution systems in a factory, the power supply line is connected to the 6kV main distribution bus. In such cases, the power distribution system commissioning must be listed separately.
**2. Electrical Adjustment Test Commissioning Process**
The electrical engineering commissioning process consists of three stages: equipment body testing, sub-system debugging, and overall system commissioning. This chapter only covers the equipment body test and sub-system debugging, while the overall commissioning is calculated separately under professional standards.
The commissioning project does not include tasks such as equipment drying, cable fault detection, motor shaft inspection, or repairs due to component defects. The impact of poor-quality components or design issues on commissioning costs is not considered. Additional fees may apply if these situations occur.
The scope of the base price includes only the commissioning of electrical equipment itself and not the trial operation of motor-driven mechanical equipment, which falls under “testing†and requires separate calculation.
All sub-projects include data review, equipment checking, test record filling, and report preparation. Motor commissioning excludes steam consumption, power above 10kV, and other media usage.
The 1kV subheading in power distribution commissioning applies to all low-voltage circuits with debugging components. The power supply from a distribution box to a motor is included in the motor system commissioning and should not be repeated.
Cable tests, porcelain insulator pressure tests, and wire and equipment insulation measurements are included in relevant projects. Circuit breakers and busbar section breakers in the power supply bridge circuit are treated as independent systems for commissioning.
If there is a circuit breaker on one side of the system, it counts as one system. If there are breakers on both sides, it is counted as two systems.
**3. Proportion of Electrical Commissioning**
The adjustment work for a loop or system includes body testing, auxiliary high-voltage and secondary equipment testing, breaker and instrument testing, and primary current and secondary circuit check-start testing. When calculating the cost of a single phase, it can be expressed as a percentage.
**4. Calculation Method for Electrical Power Distribution System Commissioning**
To calculate the number of commissioning systems, take a low-voltage example. Suppose there is a power distribution cabinet with three circuits: 1# is a molded case circuit breaker, 2# is an AC contactor, and 3# is a knife switch. It should be calculated as two systems. Most electrical or non-electrical operations count as one system, plus the power distribution cabinet itself, making it two. If the third circuit has a pump with a float device, another system is added.
The total number of low-voltage systems is the sum of the number of low-voltage power distribution cabinets and the number of electrical or non-electrical operations inside them.
**5. Engineering Quantity Calculation Rules**
The power consumption required for electrical commissioning in Article 2.11.2 is included in the quota and generally not calculated separately. However, energy consumption for starting and debugging motors and generators over 10 kW, as well as transformer no-load testing, must be calculated individually.
Circuit breakers and busbar section breakers in the power supply bridge circuit are calculated based on independent power transmission and distribution systems. The commissioning of power distribution equipment is considered per circuit breaker on one side. If there are breakers on both sides, it is calculated as two systems.
Commissioning applies to various power supply circuits, including lighting circuits, provided they have debugging components like relays or electromagnetic switches (excluding knife switches and fuses). Pre-commissioned appliances like mobile or household devices do not require additional commissioning.
Transformer system commissioning is based on a circuit breaker per voltage side. More than one circuit breaker requires separate calculations. Dry-type transformers use 0.8 times the standard quota.
Special protection devices form their own circuits and are calculated separately. Examples include generator rotor grounding protection, distance protection, high-frequency protection, fault recorders, and loss of field protection.
Automatic devices and signal systems involve relay and meter adjustments, along with secondary circuits. Standby power auto-injection, line automatic reclosing, frequency modulation, synchronization, battery monitoring, accident lighting switching, load reduction, transmitter screens, central signals, and uninterruptible power supplies are each calculated as individual systems.