Solar energy system, off gird pv system, grid pv system, solar power system, Solar Panel system, on grid solar system, grid tied solar system,20kw solar system
Solar energy system include Solar photovoltaic system: 1. Off grid photovoltaic system mainly consists of solar modules, controllers, and batteries. To supply power to AC loads, it is also necessary to configure an AC inverter. 2. Grid connected photovoltaic power generation system. 3. Distributed photovoltaic power generation system. Distributed power generation or distributed energy supply.
Solar Engergy System,Gird Solar Power System,Pv System For Carport,Energy System Off Grid Solar System PLIER(Suzhou) Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.pliersolar.com
solar cell type
mono crystalline, half cut cell
solar energy pv system include
on grid system, off grid system, hybrid system
solar configuration
solar panel, inverter, battery, bracket cabels, mc4 connector
Product details and pic
**1. Introduction to Electrical Commissioning of Power Transmission and Distribution Systems**
Electrical commissioning of power transmission and distribution systems involves the testing and verification of both primary and secondary circuits. This includes components such as circuit breakers, isolating switches, current transformers, reactors, and relay protection devices, along with measuring instruments. The commissioning process typically focuses on general relay protection systems, such as overcurrent and short-circuit protection, but does not include specialized protection systems or automatic device testing and adjustments.
This type of commissioning is applicable to busbar connections, busbar sections, and circuit breaker circuits. If a system includes busbar protection, the busbar section breaker circuit must be commissioned separately in addition to the main power distribution system.
The commissioning process does not cover special protection systems like directional, distance, high-frequency, or line differential protection, nor does it include automatic devices such as standby power auto-switching or automatic reclosing. These should be listed separately, with the number corresponding to the number of "systems" in the power distribution setup.
Motor feed circuits at 380V and 3–6kV (such as switchgear or switchboards) are included in motor inspection and commissioning lists. Transformer incoming lines, including factory transformers, are not considered part of the power distribution system and are instead included in the transformer system commissioning.
For high-voltage power distribution systems in factories, if no transformer is used, the power supply line should be quoted from the 6kV main distribution busbar. In this case, the power distribution system commissioning should be listed separately.
**2. Commissioning Process of Electrical Testing**
The electrical commissioning process generally consists of three stages: equipment body testing, sub-system debugging, and overall system commissioning. However, this chapter only covers the first two stages—equipment body testing and sub-system debugging—and excludes the full-scale system commissioning, which should be calculated separately based on professional standards.
The commissioning process does not include tasks such as equipment drying, cable fault detection, motor shaft inspections, or repairs due to defective components. It also does not account for costs arising from poor-quality equipment or design issues. Additional fees may apply if such situations occur.
The scope of commissioning is limited to the testing of electrical equipment itself and does not include the trial operation of motor-driven mechanical equipment. That task falls under the category of "testing" and should be handled separately.
All sub-projects include activities such as data review, equipment inspection, test record filling, and report preparation. Motor commissioning excludes steam, high-voltage power sources, and other media consumption.
The 1kV subheading in power distribution unit commissioning applies to all low-voltage circuits with testing components. The power supply circuit from the distribution box to the motor is included in the motor system commissioning and should not be repeated.
Cable tests, porcelain insulator pressure tests, and wire and equipment insulation measurements are included in relevant projects. Circuit breakers and busbar section breakers in power supply bridge circuits are treated as independent systems for commissioning fee calculations.
If a system has circuit breakers on both sides, it is calculated as two separate systems.
**3. Proportion of Electrical Commissioning**
Commissioning work for a loop or system includes body testing, auxiliary high-voltage and secondary equipment testing, breaker and instrument testing, and primary and secondary circuit checks. When calculating the cost for a specific phase, it can be expressed as a percentage of the total.
**4. Calculation Method for the Number of Electrical Power Distribution System Commissions**
To calculate the number of commissioning systems, consider a low-voltage example. If there is a power distribution cabinet with three circuits—one molded case circuit breaker, one AC contactor, and one knife switch—it should be counted as two systems. Most electrical or non-electrical operations are counted as one system, plus the cabinet itself. If a pump behind the third circuit has a float device, an additional system is added. The total number of low-voltage systems is the sum of the number of cabinets and the number of electrical or non-electrical operations within them.
**5. Engineering Quantity Calculation Rules**
The power consumption required for electrical commissioning in Article 2.11.2 is included in the quota and is generally not calculated separately. However, energy consumption for starting and testing motors and generators above 10 kW, as well as transformer no-load testing, should be calculated individually.
Circuit breakers and busbar section breakers in power supply bridge circuits are calculated and commissioned as independent power distribution systems. A power distribution system is considered per circuit breaker on one side, and if there are breakers on both sides, it is calculated as two systems.
Power distribution systems are applicable to various power supply circuits, including lighting. Circuits with components like relays, meters, and electromagnetic switches (excluding knife switches and fuses) are counted as commissioning systems. Pre-commissioned devices such as mobile or household appliances connected to sockets do not require additional commissioning.
Transformer system commissioning is based on one circuit breaker per voltage side. For multiple breakers, the corresponding quotas are calculated separately. Dry-type transformers have their commissioning quotas multiplied by 0.8.
Special protection devices are not included in standard commissioning quotas and must be calculated separately. Each protection type—such as generator rotor grounding, distance, high-frequency, and loss-of-field protection—is calculated based on the number of protected components.
Automatic devices and signal systems involve testing and adjustment of relays, meters, and secondary circuits. Standby power auto-injection, automatic reclosing, frequency control, and synchronization devices are each calculated based on the number of units or circuits involved.
Battery and DC monitoring systems are calculated per group of batteries, while accident lighting switching devices are calculated per set of AC/DC switching equipment. Uninterruptible power supply units are measured in sets.