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With the increasing sophistication of vehicles and the installation of more electronic devices, both the reliability and comfort of cars have significantly improved. However, while enjoying the comfort of your vehicle, it's important to remember that its onboard electronics face a challenging electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) environment. To protect these devices, it’s essential to incorporate an isolated power supply at the front end of in-car electronic systems. This helps block harmful interference and prevents potential damage to sensitive components.
The evolution of automobiles has brought immense convenience to our daily lives. The integration of numerous electronic devices has enhanced the car's reliability and comfort. However, it’s crucial to acknowledge that these electronic systems endure severe conditions. By adding an isolated power supply to the front end of these systems, we can effectively mitigate harsh interference, safeguarding the integrity of critical components such as MCUs, LCDs, and audio systems.
The power supply's input voltage waveform can be adversely affected by factors like the ignition of internal combustion engines, the disconnection of inductive loads, and the abrupt interruption of parallel load currents. The ISO7637-2 standard models such adverse input voltage waveforms. Below are some of the worst-case scenarios:
**Pulse 1:** An instantaneous pulse caused by the disconnection of an inductive load from the power supply.
**Parameter Table for Pulse 1:**
From the data in the table, we see that voltages as high as -100V can be induced on a 12V power supply line, and up to -600V on a 24V line. Without an isolated power supply or EMC filter circuit, downstream components like MCUs, LCDs, and audio systems could suffer irreparable damage.
**Pulse 2a:** A transient pulse resulting from the sudden interruption of current in a device connected in parallel with the DUT due to harness inductance.
**Parameter Table for Pulse 2a:**
**Pulse 2b:** A transient pulse generated by a DC motor acting as a generator once the ignition circuit is turned off.
**Parameter Table for Pulse 2b:**
**Pulse 3a:** A transient pulse (negative pulse) triggered during the switching process.
**Parameter Table for Pulse 3a:**
**Pulse 3b:** A transient pulse (positive pulse) generated during the switching process.
**Parameter Table for Pulse 3b:**
**Pulse 4:** A voltage dip caused by the activation of the starter motor for the internal combustion engine.
**Parameter Table for Pulse 4:**
**Pulse 5b:** A load-dump transient pulse occurs when a discharged battery is disconnected while the alternator generates a charging current, assuming the alternator has an automatic protection mechanism.
**Parameter Table for Pulse 5b:**
Here, the E2405ASBD-20W power module is highly recommended. With a wide input voltage range of 6V to 63V and a 5V/4A output, adding a minimal EMC filter circuit at the input ensures excellent EMC interference resistance. In situations where line voltage fluctuates drastically, this module allows downstream electronic equipment to operate stably and reliably. Additionally, the E240512ASDD4-20W offers an even wider input voltage range of 6V to 63V, providing dual outputs of 5V/3A and 12V/0.4A. The regulated 5V output can power MCUs, LCDs, and other components, while the unregulated 12V output can supply audio systems and similar peripherals.
By integrating such advanced power modules into automotive systems, we can ensure the longevity and performance of electronic components, providing drivers with a safe and comfortable experience.