Busbar operations involve the process of energizing, de-energizing, and transferring equipment between two busbars. As a central connection point for various electrical components, busbars are complex systems with many interconnections. This complexity makes the operation highly demanding and requires thorough preparation and strict adherence to procedures.
Potential risks during busbar operations include:
- The risk of load interruption due to improper switching.
- Errors in relay protection or automatic device settings caused by human mistakes.
- Series resonance that may occur when charging an unloaded busbar using inductive voltage transformers and capacitors.
To ensure safe and effective busbar operations, the following steps should be followed:
(1) When charging a spare busbar, use the busbar switch if available. Ensure that the charging protection is activated, and adjust the protection time setting to zero if necessary. This allows the busbar switch to quickly isolate any fault on the spare busbar, preventing further damage. If no busbar switch is available, confirm the condition of the spare busbar and use the isolator for charging, but be cautious to avoid overloading.
(2) During busbar tripping, it's essential to disconnect the operating power supply of the busbar switch to prevent accidental tripping, which could lead to a load interruption.
(3) When transferring all components from one busbar to another, there are two common methods. One involves closing the isolator of a component to the new busbar first, then opening the isolator of the original busbar. After all components are transferred, open the isolators of the original busbar. The choice of method depends on the location of the operating mechanism and local operational practices.
(4) When transferring voltage transformers or de-energizing a busbar, the voltage circuits of relay protection and automatic devices must be switched to another voltage transformer. This prevents malfunctions due to voltage loss. Be careful to avoid contact failures in the voltage circuit and reverse charging of the de-energized busbar through the voltage transformer. Also, ensure that fuses in the voltage loop are not blown, as this could cause protection malfunctions.
(5) Pay close attention to the impact of busbar protection during operations. Adjust the protection system according to the specific busbar configuration. Unless there are special circumstances, the busbar protection should remain active during the transfer. If the busbar is equipped with auto-reclosing, make sure to adjust the mode accordingly after the transfer.
(6) When disconnecting an empty busbar using a SW-220 oil circuit breaker, avoid series resonance between the parallel capacitance of the switch contacts and the inductive voltage transformer. Before disconnecting, open the voltage transformer isolator or connect the appropriate secondary circuit to prevent this issue.
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