**Domestic Status of Domestic Operating Systems** Hu Changjun, a researcher at the Software and Integrated Circuit Promotion Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, stated that commercial companies are driven by profit. In terms of the global market for home PCs, Linux's market share is less than 1%, with Windows (including XP) and Apple’s Mac OS dominating the rest. In China, domestic operating systems also have a relatively small market share. As a result, commercial companies lack the incentive to develop related software. Additionally, hardware support remains limited—devices like mobile phones and digital cameras often do not work well with these systems. Domestically developed operating systems are still behind Windows XP in many aspects. Qiao Wei, vice president of Winning Software, noted that one major issue is the lack of support from equipment manufacturers. They often do not provide necessary drivers for Linux, which weakens its compatibility and usability. Despite this, some Chinese Linux-based systems, such as Youqilin, have basic capabilities to replace Windows XP in terms of user experience. However, challenges remain, particularly in building a robust ecosystem. In 2013, Red Flag Linux faced significant difficulties, leading to the dissolution of Zhongke Hongqi Software Technology Co., Ltd. Despite this setback, research and development of domestic operating systems continue. Many companies are still active in this field, and globally, Linux remains a growing force in commercial applications. Academician He Hezhen of the Chinese Academy of Engineering pointed out that Microsoft’s end of support for Windows XP presents a rare opportunity for domestic OS development. He emphasized that innovation is key and that opportunities will always arise for those who persist. With the rapid advancement of information technology and the Internet, e-commerce has become a major trend. Cloud computing and big data are evolving, bringing both opportunities and challenges. To align with the national “Internet +” strategy and the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan,” efforts are being made to enhance e-commerce applications, especially in mobile commerce. Building a secure and reliable e-commerce environment is essential for ensuring data security and privacy in online transactions. The Chinese Academy of Sciences introduced the COS (China Operating System), which can be used on personal computers, smart devices, and set-top boxes. It supports over 100,000 applications and is designed to break the dominance of Microsoft, Apple, and Google by offering a fully independent system. According to a notice from the Central Government Procurement Network, all computer products must no longer install Windows 8. This move highlights the push for domestic alternatives in government sectors. Companies like China Software (600536) offer domestic operating systems such as the Winning Kirin desktop OS, creating potential for substitution. **Domestic Status:** Hu Changjun further explained that commercial interests drive most companies, and with Linux holding less than 1% of the global PC market, it's clear why domestic systems struggle. In China, the same issue persists, with limited software and hardware support. Qiao Wei added that without proper driver support from device manufacturers, Linux’s performance in real-world applications remains subpar. Despite these challenges, several domestic Linux distributions have made progress in user-friendliness. However, their ecosystems are still underdeveloped. The collapse of Red Flag Linux in 2013 was a setback, but R&D continues. Globally, Linux is still gaining traction, and with Microsoft ending support for Windows XP, there is a window for growth in the domestic OS sector. **Leading Stocks in the Domestic Operating System Concept:** Among the A-share listed companies, NSFOCUS, Xiangyou Technology, and Beixinyuan are considered top contenders in the domestic OS concept. These firms are actively involved in developing and promoting local operating systems. **Number of Domestic Listed Companies in the OS Concept:** There are a total of 10 listed companies in the domestic operating system concept. Of these, six are listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, while four are listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. **List of Domestic Operating System Concept Stocks:** - NSFOCUS (300369) - Xiangyou Technology (600476) - North Source (300352) - Yangtze River Communications (600345) - Inspur Software (600756) - China Software (600536) - Zhejiang University Network New (600797) - Huasheng Tiancheng (600410) - Inspur Information (000977) - Ruiji Software (002474) These companies represent the current landscape of the domestic operating system industry, reflecting ongoing efforts to build an independent and secure computing ecosystem.

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