**Domestic Status of Domestic Operating Systems** Hu Changjun, a researcher at the Software and Integrated Circuit Promotion Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, stated that commercial companies operate based on profit motives. In terms of market share, particularly for home PCs, global Linux adoption is less than 1%, with over 95% of users relying on Windows or Apple's Mac OS. This trend is also reflected in China, where domestic operating systems hold a relatively small market share. As a result, commercial entities have little incentive to develop software for these platforms. Additionally, hardware support remains limited—devices such as mobile phones and digital cameras often lack compatibility with domestic systems. Domestically developed operating systems also lag behind Windows XP in performance and user experience. Qiao Wei, vice president of Winics Software, explained that one major challenge is the lack of support from hardware manufacturers. Many do not provide necessary drivers for Linux-based systems, which weakens their overall functionality and user appeal. Despite these challenges, some domestic Linux distributions, such as Youqilin, offer basic compatibility with Windows XP in terms of usability. However, the ecosystem around these systems remains underdeveloped. In 2013, Red Flag Linux, a prominent Chinese operating system, faced significant difficulties. Zhongke Hongqi Software Technology Co., Ltd., the company behind it, struggled financially and eventually dissolved. Nevertheless, development of domestic operating systems continues. Today, multiple companies are still actively working on this sector, and globally, Linux is experiencing growth in commercial applications. Professor He Hezhen from the Chinese Academy of Engineering noted that Microsoft’s end-of-support for Windows XP created an opportunity for domestic operating systems. “Don’t assume that big players like Apple or Google are invincible. Innovation never stops. As long as you keep innovating, opportunities will always come,” he said. Since April 8, 2014, Microsoft has ceased providing support for Windows XP SP3, raising concerns about information security. In response, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has pledged to support the development and application of domestic Linux-based operating systems, encouraging broader adoption. With the rise of e-commerce, cloud computing, and big data, the need for secure and reliable systems has become more urgent. The government aims to promote the "Internet +" strategy and implement the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan," focusing on business intelligence transformation and the development of mobile e-commerce. Ensuring a safe, credible, and secure environment for e-commerce transactions is a top priority. The Chinese Academy of Sciences has launched the COS (China Operating System), capable of running over 100,000 applications across various devices, including personal computers and smart terminals. Designed to be fully independent from foreign operating systems, it aims to break the dominance of Microsoft, Apple, and Google. According to a notice from the Central Government Procurement Network, all computer products must no longer use Windows 8. This move reflects growing concerns about information security, and domestic desktop operating systems are expected to gradually replace imported alternatives in sectors like government use. Among A-share listed companies, China Software (600536) offers its own operating system, the Winics Kirin Desktop OS, which is seen as a potential alternative. **Leading Stocks in the Domestic Operating System Concept:** The most likely candidates among leading stocks in the domestic operating system concept include NSFOCUS, Xiangyou Technology, and Beixinyuan. **Number of Domestic Listed Companies in the Operating System Concept:** There are a total of 10 listed companies in the domestic operating system concept. Of these, six are listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, and four are listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. **List of Domestic Operating System Concept Stocks:** - NSFOCUS (300369) - Xiangyou Technology (600476) - North Source (300352) - Yangtze River Communications (600345) - Inspur Software (600756) - China Software (600536) - Zhejiang University Network New (600797) - Huasheng Tiancheng (600410) - Inspur Information (000977) - Rongji Software (002474) As the demand for secure and independent operating systems grows, the domestic industry continues to evolve, driven by innovation, policy support, and the need for technological self-reliance.

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