The smog has once again become the focus of the representatives of the two associations this year. As a result, the new energy vehicle industry, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, has ushered in great development. However, the new energy power battery that powers it is undergoing an industry. "Great earthquake" and "aftershocks" continue. All this is due to a brief statement by Zhang Xiangmu, director of the Equipment Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, at the relevant meeting. "The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will organize a risk assessment of the ternary lithium battery. Before the evaluation is completed, the ternary lithium battery bus will be suspended for the list of recommended models for the promotion of new energy vehicles. ”

When the voice just fell, it caused a lot of speculation and the new energy power battery industry worried about the prospect of the ternary lithium battery. For example, manufacturers involved in the ternary lithium battery business have proposed whether the ternary lithium battery has potential safety hazards under the current technology, whether it can be overcome through technological innovation; whether there is any future development prospects, when the Ministry of Industry’s “suspension order” Unlocking and many other questions.

Sudden suspension

On January 24th, Zhang Xiangmu, Director of the Equipment Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said at the theme summit of the "Power Battery Development and Breakthrough" of the China Electric Vehicle Hundred People's Congress in 2016, the suspension of the ternary lithium battery bus was included in the list of recommended models for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles. When the above news came out, it immediately triggered controversy, especially the manufacturers of ternary lithium batteries reacted strongly. A representative of the ternary lithium battery manufacturer, who did not want to be named, said in an interview with the reporter of China Business News that although there were rumors in the market, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology suspended the inclusion of ternary lithium batteries in the list of new energy vehicles for passenger cars. Still a little sudden.

"On January 24, 2016, the ternary lithium battery could not be registered in the catalog. On February 24, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced the 'pause order'. During this period, it was only 10 days apart." The above-mentioned person told reporters that the ternary lithium battery started in China. Later, but a number of production companies have deployed related projects in various places, the investment scale is estimated to have exceeded 100 billion, and in the absence of specific evaluation procedures, the sudden suspension of subsidies for ternary lithium batteries, this is undoubtedly for the ternary The "injury" of the lithium battery industry.

As to whether the evaluation process is missing, the manufacturer said that before the release of the “suspension order”, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, like most ternary lithium battery manufacturers, did not receive relevant evaluation reports or solicit opinions. At the same time, the source disclosed that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's proposal to issue a “suspension order” for the ternary lithium battery was from the Automobile Association, not the Battery Association – China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association. This statement was confirmed by Liu Yanlong, secretary general of the China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association. Liu Yanlong said on the afternoon of February 26th that "the debate on the safety of ternary materials battery" said that the government was first proposed to cancel, and the subsidy for electric bus was the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, not the China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association.

Who is safer?

Then, what kind of factors are causing the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to make a "suspension" of the ternary lithium battery, is it really as "the lack of evaluation procedures" as mentioned above. In this regard, Huang Xuejie, a researcher at the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the experience of past accidents can be found that nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material 18650 batteries will self-heat above 180 °C, while lithium iron phosphate materials will radiate more than 250 °C. phenomenon. Therefore, the ternary lithium material is more likely to catch fire or cause an accident than the lithium iron phosphate material only from the characteristics of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery. For Huang Xuejie's statement, the person in charge of a battery industry does not agree. The person in charge told reporters that whether it is a ternary lithium battery or a lithium iron phosphate battery or other energy battery, to be put into use, or mass production, the first thing to consider is safety, but this safety is not just Source theory and simulation tests should be more conducive to the conclusions drawn from practice.

Judging from the number of electric vehicle fire accidents occurring in China since 2011, in fact, the fire accident caused by lithium iron phosphate battery is more than the accident caused by the ternary lithium battery. According to media reports, from 2011 to the present, 22 fires caused by lithium iron phosphate batteries in the 22 new fire accidents in China, a total of 2 fires caused by ternary lithium batteries. Obviously, the safety performance of the ternary lithium battery is not worse than the lithium iron phosphate battery, or even better.

Whether the use of products is safe is a problem that government departments should consider, but it is not considered to change existing policies because of security without systematic evaluation. A battery industry person told reporters that the safety of battery system products mainly includes electrical safety, mechanical safety, functional safety, chemical safety and so on. Therefore, the safety of the whole vehicle is relative. It is not purely from the battery core itself, but depends on the overall safety parameters of the pack integration. The good pack integration technology can completely compensate for some defects caused by the battery core itself.

In addition, the person also said that there is no functional department in the world to make standards for materials, only for vehicle standards. This is mainly because as the safety measures of battery systems are gradually improved, the safety hazards caused by materials will gradually cut back. The safety of the battery can also be ensured by using a high-safety diaphragm, a flame-retardant electrolyte, and a thermal management scheme such as liquid cooling. Anhui Huanxin Group and global battery manufacturer South Korea's Samsung SDI set up a special factory for electric vehicle batteries "Samsung Ring New Power Battery Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Samsung Ring New"), in view of safety considerations, Samsung Ring's new automotive application battery, own Various safety devices in 3~4 stages ensure the safety of the battery unit from the production stage to the module and battery pack stage.

The Samsung Ring New Battery uses materials with strong heat resistance from the material stage, using a device that automatically discharges gas when the pressure inside the battery increases, and prevents the current in the battery from being higher than the normal range. In addition, a circuit that forcibly cuts off current when the battery is overcharged is used to improve the safety of the battery. For modules and battery packs, heat-resistant materials and high-temperature materials that prevent shock and fire spread are used, and devices that can block heat are used between the battery units, and techniques for monitoring the unit state of the battery in real time are applied.

In addition, it also monitors from many aspects such as foreign matter management and temperature management. At the same time, Samsung Ring New Battery can also realize product after-sales tracking and record lifelong system, which means that every new battery sold by Samsung Ring will be safe for life, and if an accident occurs, it can also trace the source. Therefore, Samsung Ring New believes that only high-quality batteries with the best safety can enhance the competitiveness of enterprises and thus establish their position in the market.

Solve the problem as soon as possible

Not all companies can invest as much as Samsung Ring New to ensure the safety of batteries from production to sales. In the domestic new energy battery industry, it is still a new industry. The enterprises are mixed, and in terms of investment, some investment There are tens of millions of investments, and some investment is tens of millions. Therefore, it is not appropriate to simply say which battery is safe or unsafe. Relevant responsible persons of battery companies have put forward suggestions. In order to promote the healthy and orderly development of the battery industry, the industry threshold should be raised, and a corresponding evaluation system should be formulated.

This statement was approved by Liu Yanlong. Liu Yanlong believes that it is difficult to evaluate the final safety situation of the ternary lithium battery system because of the lack of a corresponding evaluation system in China. The composition of the single battery will design the battery pack according to the conditions of the whole vehicle. By strengthening the monitoring of the whole process of production, the safety of the ternary lithium battery system can be effectively improved, but the final safety is determined by the corresponding evaluation system. Wang Binggang, a special expert in the special technology of electric vehicles for the Ministry of Science and Technology, also expressed the same view. Wang Binggang believes that the choice of battery materials can not fundamentally solve the battery safety problem, should start from the development of strict battery product quality requirements and regulatory measures.

As for why the industry threshold should be raised, the above-mentioned enterprise vice president told reporters that profit is the guarantee for the survival of enterprises. However, in the battery industry, security is the lifeline of enterprises. Some enterprises neglect safety investment in order to obtain greater benefits, which makes the products difficult. Ensure quality and safety. Even some companies have invested in the battery industry because they value the state's subsidies. As for whether the products are safe, they are not taken seriously. It is precisely because of this situation that the outside world is worried about the safety of the ternary lithium battery, but if it is carefully combed, the safety accident is often a small factory that ignores the safety investment, not an industry.

Liu Yanlong also said that some of the domestic power battery companies are mainly based on iron and lithium. In 2012, the policy supported 8 companies, each of which had 150 million yuan of financial support. After that, everyone thought of the country from the direction of national policy development. In the future, more countries will turn to the direction of the three yuan. Afterwards, many companies have taken the development of ternary technology as the direction of the technical route, and invested a lot of money. The battery production has also increased dramatically, and the battery output has also increased.

Therefore, in the face of the development opportunities of the new energy power battery industry, many interviewed experts and business people unanimously believe that industry standards should be introduced as soon as possible to raise the industry threshold to ensure the healthy and orderly development of the industry. So, is there any industry standard for new energy power battery safety at home or internationally? In this regard, the reporter combed the public information and learned that in the country, the battery safety industry standard (QC/T), the national standard (GB/T), which has been officially released, will take effect in July this year, and the third party authorized by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Certify.

If there is any doubt about the security, in accordance with the normal process, first, the enterprises that have obtained the certification of the current standards will be returned to the catalogue. At the same time, the government, the academic community and related enterprises should participate in the research and formulation of new standards for strengthening security, and then according to the new standards. After all battery products are evaluated and certified, a new catalogue is developed, which is a sufficiently guiding and credible approach. Under the leadership of Japanese and Korean companies, it is particularly urgent to promote the development of China's ternary system. Song Huajie, deputy senior engineer of the BAK Battery R&D Center, called for the solution to solve this problem as soon as possible and encourage the healthy and steady development of the ternary lithium battery.

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